Pengaruh Penggunaan Video Youtube dalam Pembelajaran Teks Prosedur
Kasus Kelas VII di SMP Negeri 1 Ngawen
Kata Kunci:
Learning, Procedure Text, Influence, YouTubeAbstrak
Penelitian ini menggunakan YouTube sebagai media yang memiliki manfaat, dan peneliti menggunakan media ini untuk meneliti. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan video YouTube dalam pembelajaran teks prosedur. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) untuk menjelaskan persepsi siswa tentang penggunaan video YouTube dalam pembelajaran teks prosedur, (2) Untuk menjelaskan manfaat penggunaan video YouTube dalam pembelajaran teks prosedur, (3) Untuk menjelaskan pengaruh penggunaan video YouTube dalam pembelajaran teks prosedur. Peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 32 siswa, data diperoleh dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan wawancara. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa kuesioner skor sangat setuju setelah diajarkan oleh YouTube lebih tinggi dan dari data wawancara, mereka menjawab bahwa teks prosedur di YouTube menghibur dan mudah dimengerti. dapat dianggap bahwa aplikasi media YouTube lebih baik untuk siswa.
Unduhan
Referensi
INTRODUCTION
Language has a significant role in human life, serving as a tool for communication and a way of both directly and indirectly conveying ideas. Everyone uses language as one of their everyday communication tools to inform and persuade others, and since language is necessary for human interaction. Maziriri et al., (2020) stated that language is the tool of communication that plays an essential part in making communication. English is an international language used to communicate around the world. David Crystal (1997) in Sofyan, (2021) found the expression "English as a global language". This claim illustrates the notion that many countries use English as their primary language of communication. Additionally, English is both a global language and an international language. English is a language that is important for educators to master (Bafadal, 2017).
There are four basic skills of English which students at schools or universities are demanded to have good abilities at, they are listening, reading, speaking, and writing (McNamara, 2007). Each of those skills is very important, especially reading because students receive all information (Martina et al., 2020). One of the most crucial abilities in learning English is reading because students can increase their knowledge and skills necessary. This is also in line with Binmahboob, (2020) that stated everyone can interact with their thoughts and feelings, receive information, and, in addition to that, broaden their knowledge by using reading as a tool.
Reading in another language is more difficult than reading in the first language (Sari et al., 2020). For these reasons, readers should be able to identify the words and sentences in the text and comprehend its intended meaning. One of the genres the students study is procedure text, and some of them still have trouble understanding it (Klimova & Zamborova, 2020).
Obtaining meaning and understanding from a text requires the reader to engage with it in a complex and difficult process known as reading comprehension. Marpaung & Kemala S, (2023) claim that the most important thing about reading is comprehension. Since early childhood, reading comprehension has been taught in schools. It is a technique that must be used in every session (Mukrimaa et al., 2016). This occurred as a result of the fact that reading, including texts, is a component of all learning. Understanding the text is what it means to read with comprehension (Sari et al., 2020). One kind of thorough reading is reading that pupils have done on their own.
Students study many text types when reading, including procedural, report, recount, descriptive texts, and so forth. Procedure text is one genre of text taught to students in junior high school, especially in the 7th grade. Students frequently encounter that kind of reading material in their daily lives. The procedure text is one of them. Given that the procedural text material is quite complex, it is necessary to formulate contextual and relevant learning activities (Zuraini et al., 2020). The aim, elements or material, and method or steps make up the generic framework of procedural texts. It can be concluded that a procedure text is a text that describes how to manufacture something using a series of instructions or steps (Marpaung & Kemala S, 2023). The process language can be found in manual or electronic product instructions, in food recipes from magazines, on packages of noodles and other foods, etc.
Students who study through media may feel more in charge of and in control of their education. One of the most powerful media is YouTube. Almurashi, (2016) claims that the use of YouTube in teaching the English language plays a leading role in helping learners understand their English lessons. The impact of YouTube on students' comprehension of English was significant. YouTube could be a useful resource for incorporating English lessons as well as increasing lesson comprehension. To build engaging, enjoyable, and dynamic learning environments, YouTube is used as a learning tool (Marbun et al., 2023). YouTube educational videos can be utilized in the classroom to promote participatory learning.
However, another issue is that, initially, students lacked enthusiasm throughout the teaching and learning process (Sari et al., 2020). They were chatting among themselves and not paying attention to the content when the teacher handed out the reading test. Second, because they are too lazy to study in class and because their teacher uses the lecture mode of instruction, pupils lack motivation because they are uninterested in the information being covered in class. Third, due to a lack of prior information about the material they have read, students struggle to comprehend the meaning of the text. In addition, a lot of them continued to leave the assignment unfinished and leave the answer blank. Their lack of reading motivation had an impact on how passionate and interested they were in books.
Considering the problems, researchers will collaborate with English teachers in class VII. The researcher decided to conduct classroom action research. The influence of using YouTube videos in learning procedure text : the case of seventh grade students in SMP Negeri 1 Ngawen, the researcher decided to conduct classroom action research that focused the influence of using YouTube videos in learning by applying YouTube videos because YouTube videos bring positive energy that affects the student’s motivation when reading procedure texts. Students watch YouTube videos in class, and after finishing, they are given questionnaire and interview to answer and solve individually. In addition, this material is presented in a fun way, so students can answer questions and understand the lesson.
Based on the background that has been outline above, the formulation of the problem in this research are:
What is students' perception of using YouTube videos in learning procedure text?
What are the benefits of using YouTube videos in learning procedure text in SMP N 1 Ngawen?
What are the influences of using YouTube videos in learning procedure text in SMP N 1 Ngawen?
LITERATURE REVIEW
Reading Comprehension
The Types of Reading Text
There are the following types of reading according to Patel and Jain (2008: 117-123) in (Prihartyasningrum et al., 2019)
Intensive Reading
Intensive reading is an activity that is carried out carefully and thoroughly on the text that is read. reading will provide a basis for explaining structural difficulties and for expanding vocabulary and idiom knowledge. Intensive reading is a type of reading that focuses on the instruction and vocabulary taught by the teacher in the classroom, usually found in a poem, poem, novel, or other source. For example: The students for linguistic or semantic details of a reading and focus on structure details such as grammar.
Extensive Reading
Extensive reading is a technique used to get a general understanding of a subject and includes reading longer discourse texts for pleasure. For example: The students read as many different kinds of books such as journals, newspapers and magazine, and to understanding of the contents.
Aloud Reading
Aloud reading is basic form of classroom disciplines and organization. In reading aloud, the students are confronted with written sentences that haven never been spoken before. For example: Reading poetry, dialogue, and other type of text
Silent Reading
Silent reading is done to get a lot of information. This is a kind of habit where students can read without sound that can interfere with reading. For example: The students reading a text by heart.
By reading, the reader will know what they read and respond to the ideas of the author. Reading contains the principle of understanding the core of what is read, or finding the contents of the reading. For that, motivation in reading is needed for students, especially in reading in English (Wulur, Manuas et al., 2022). Comprehension is the act of perceiving the mind's ability to understand. Moreover, comprehension is a process that involves thinking, past experience, and knowledge (Prado & Plourde, 2020). As a result, it demands that the reader comprehend what they are reading and be able to connect it to what they already know. The benefit of reading comprehension are numerous. The reader has several benefit from reading comprehension, including the ability to increase his knowledge, investigate textual messages in reading material, and improve as a reader. Strong reading comprehension skills are associated with improved academic performance and stronger academic self-confidence in students. Strong reading comprehension abilities can facilitate reading more quickly, improve knowledge retention, and stimulate the intellect. The mental processes of memory, decision-making, and problem-solving can all be improved through reading comprehension.
YouTube Video
One of the developments in information technology is social media, a platform that not only allows for interaction but additionally provides access to other types of information. There are several social media platforms that can be accessed and used by the community to support language learning, one of which is YouTube. According to Binmahboob, (2020), YouTube videos have a significant role in allowing the learners to speak and interact with their peers and teachers in class during watching the videos and understanding what is going on. Overall, YouTube is a great resource for language learners, as it offers a wide range of content and resources that can help improve language skills. However, learners should be careful to select quality channels and resources that are appropriate for their level and learning goals.
Benefit of YouTube Video:
YouTube is a social media platform that can be used as teaching material and has benefits. YouTube's benefits for the learning process in the classroom are:
shortening lesson in order to make it easy to be comprehended
Related to YouTube as part of the video-based language learning, According to a study by Almurashi, (2016), videos can affect educational achievement in a positive way. Students enjoy watching videos on YouTube, which can help them understand complex concepts and improve their knowledge. They can also segment lessons to make them easier to understand and reduce the length of the lecture to make it easier to understand. Visually stimulating videos can help keep students interested and engaged in the topic.
Access to Educational Resources
YouTube is a wealth of educational resources available to users. According to Maziriri et al., (2020) YouTube is one of the new e-resources that can be used in contemporary tertiary education pedagogy. Learners who receive knowledge from several sources, such as YouTube, will have more information stick with them. Students can access these resources anytime and from anywhere, which can be especially helpful for students.
Supports Different Learning Styles
YouTube can be used to develop each of language skills and supports different Learning Styles, including listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Various research studies have studied YouTube benefits, such as Salih Bardakci's that explored high school students' educational use of YouTube.
Procedure Text
People usually read texts on how to operate something, do something, or make something, which is how to act in some circumstances such as schools, companies, homes, and others. From there, it can be obtained from this type of text called procedure text. A procedure text is a text that explains or helps us learn how to make or use something. The are some examples of language features and text structure which is used in procedure text as follow:
a. Using question word "How"
The easiest way to determine if it is procedure text or not is by the use of "How" in the reading title. For instance, how to make cake, how to use Google Meet, or how to operate a machine.
b. Using imperative sentence
There are two forms of imperative sentences: positive and negative imperative. Example positive imperative: Pour the water into the pan, boil the water, and press the button. whereas it has a negative sentence. Example negative imperative: Don't touch the machine while using it, and don't drive so fast; don't wait too long for fries.
c. Using adverbial conjunction
Here is the list of common adverbial conjunctions applied in procedure text: first, second, third, next, than, after that, after, before, finally.
d. Using action verbs
The theory of action verbs distinguishes them into two categories: transitive and intransitive verbs. In a sentence, a transitive verb should be followed by an object. On the contrary, intransitive verbs are verbs that require objects to complete a sentence. Examples of common Transitive verbs: make, play, give, turn on, push, touch, drive, and Examples of common intransitive verbs: sit, pray, go, run, shake, skip, and smile.
e. Using adverbs of duration and manner
In procedure text, adverbs of duration and manner are often used, such as slowly, quickly, carefully, for seven minutes, for six hours, overnight, or other possible adverbs.
d. Using simple present
One of the uses of this tense is to describe a command or instruction. For instance, The players play the game once, wash their hands with soap and water, and serve the dish on a plate.
General Structure of Procedure Text
In Mukrimaa et al., (2016) Gerot and wignel (1977:55), explain that the generic structure of the Procedure Text consist of theree points.They are:
Aim / goal (goal)
The goal of the procedure text is an introductory statement giving the aim or goal. The goal may be the title of the text, or sometimes it can be an introductory paragraph.
Ingredients / materials
Ingredients / material is the list of materials that will be needed for completing the procedure. The material can be a list or a paragraph.
Steps / methods
There are a series of steps listed in choronoligal order that should be taken to achieve the goal. Example: First, wash the tomatoes. Then cut it into slices.
METHODOLOGY OF THE RESEARCH
In this study, researchers used a qualitative design. Qualitative methods were used in the research to emphasize or explain in depth the obtained data. The goal of qualitative methods was to explain data analysis through description. This research was conducted to investigate the influence of using YouTube videos in learning procedure text. In this research, the researcher have one class. Students will be taught procedural text material using YouTube media. After the research was completed, students were given a questionnaire, and several students were interviewed to answer what they thought about the influence of learning using YouTube media. A qualitative research design was used in this study to explain data analysis, which are research methods that emphasize the quality of the data or the depth of the information gained.
Subject of the Research
Population
The population in this study consisted of 130 students in the tenth grade at SMP Negeri 1 Ngawen. Those students were divided into some classes or groups, such as Class A until Class I. The researcher selected SMP Negeri 1 Ngawen as the junior high school because it was the best public junior high school in the Ngawen.
Sample
The sample is a part of population. The researcher selected class VIIA because this class had the best students consisted of 32 students; 18 female and 14 male of SMA N 1 Ngawen in the academic year 2023/2024.
Method Data Analysis
In this study, the data collection used by the researchers was through a questionnaire and interview, which were used to investigate the influence of using YouTube videos in learning procedure text. The first step was to present procedural text learning via YouTube videos and conduct a questionnaire after the learning, which was carried out by the researcher. Finally, the final data collection was done through an interview.
Questionnaire
The researchers used questionnaires that had been given to students to complete the research. A questionnaire is a data collection technique that involves asking respondents in written form to be answered by ticking the questionnaire answers. The type of questionnaire in this research is that students will check to fill out the questionnaire that has been given. The researcher used a questionnaire to find answers by giving questionnaires to 32 students. There are 10 questions to fill in.
Interview
The researchers used interview that had been given to students to complete the research. Interview is one technique that can be used to collect research data. A closed interview is a type of interview conducted by means of writing or correspondence. The advantage of this interview is that the information provided by the source will not be disputed because there is already written evidence. There were ten students who were interviewed. There were four questions for each of the five male and five female participants.
FINDING AND DISSCUSION
Finding
Analysis of the Questionnaire Result
The questoinnaire in this research was the seventh grade students class VII A in SMP Negeri 1 Ngawen which consisted of 32 students. The data showed as follows: There were ten statements in the questionnaire. Students have given their response by opting for one or other strongly agree, agree, disagree, strongly disagree. One of example the results of students' answers are summarized as follows:
Figure 4. 1 The percentage of students'rejoinder for first
statements
The first statement of the questionnaire was, " I am happy and interested in the Procedure Text material taught using YouTube media “. This statement is to find out whether students are happy and interested in the procedural text material taught using YouTube media. Based on Figure 4.2, there were 24 students, or 75% strongly agree, 8 students or 25% agreed, and no students disagreed or strongly disagreed. Therefore, The students answered that they are happy and interested in the procedural text material taught using YouTube media.
Results from interview data, the questionnaire which consisted of 32 students. From the questionnaire data, there are 10 items in the questionnaire. It showed that 27 (84.4%) out of 32 students were categorized as strongly agree, 5 (0.16 %) out of 32 students were categorized as agree and 3 (0.09 %) out of 32 students were categorized as disagree, none of them belong to strongly disagree. It could be concluded that the students have strongly positive perception on implementation YouTube video to their procedure text learning. So YouTube video can be used by teacher for teaching in the class and it was helpful for the teacher. Based on students’ responses, overall answers explained that YouTube video was pleasant. It was easy to understand the material of the procedure text with the implementation of YouTube in the learning process. YouTube makes students believe that learning with YouTube videos is more fun and easier to understand when learning.
Analysis of the Interview Result
The researcher used interview that had been given to students to complete the research. A closed interview is a type of interview conducted by means of writing or correspondence. The advantage of this interview is that the information provided by the source will not be disputed because there is already written evidence. There were 10 students who were interviewed. There were 4 questions for each of the five male and five female participants. One of example The results of students' answers are summarized as follows:
The first statement of the interview was, “Do you enjoy learning procedure text using YouTube media? Give the reason!" This statement is to find out answers from students whether they are happy or not learning procedure text using YouTube media. According to the answer's students, they felt happy participating in procedure text learning using YouTube media because they understood the lesson better and felt happy and enthusiastic.
The second statement of the interview was,” Apakah anda memahami pembelajaran procedure text yang sudah diajarkan? Berikan alasannya!” (Do you understand the procedure text lessons that have been taught? Give the reason! ) This statement is to find out understand or not the procedure text lesson that has been taught. According to the answer's students, they understand more about the procedure text that has been taught, so they understand more about the language features, text structure, benefits, and objectives of procedure texts.
The third statement of the interview was,” Apakah media YouTube merupakan media yang bagus untuk dijadikan media pembelajaran? Berikan alasannya!” (Is YouTube media a good medium to use as a learning medium? Give the reason!) This statement is to find out YouTube media is a good medium to use as a learning medium. According to the answer's students, they answered that YouTube is a good medium to use as a learning medium because it is not boring and easier to understand, so YouTube is a good medium to use as a learning medium.
The fourth statement of the interview was,” Apakah anda termotivasi untuk belajar procedure text dengan media YouTube? Berikan alasannya!” (Are you motivated to learn procedure text using YouTube media? Give the reason!) This statement is to find out whether students are motivated or not to learn procedure text using YouTube media. According to the answer's students, they answered that they were motivated to learn using YouTube media because they felt that learning with YouTube media was more fun and easier to understand.
from the results of interview data, it showed that many students answered that YouTube is an beneficial learning media because it is very interesting and easy to understand, So learning using YouTube will give students a better understanding of learning and enthusiasm for learning. Apart from that, students also answered that they really understand learning or studying procedural texts on YouTube because they are easy to understand.
Results Of The Questionnaire And Interview
In this result described the students’ reults the ifluence of YouTube videos in procedure texts at the seventh grade students class VII A in SMP Negeri 1 Ngawen in the Academic. To measure it, the researcher used questionnaire. In this part, it described the students’ effect of YouTube videos on students’ reading of procedure texts at the seventh grade students class VII A in SMP Negeri 1 Ngawen. To measure it, the researcher used questionnaire. There are 10 items of questionnaire. It showed that 27 (84.4%) out of 32 students were categorized as strongly agree, 5 (0.16 %) out of 32 students were categorized as agree and 3 (0.09 %) out of 32 students were categorized as disagree, none of them belong to strongly disagree. It could be concluded that the students have strongly positive effect on the implementation of YouTube videos in the learning process and their procedure text-reading comprehension. So YouTube video can be used by teacher for teaching in the class and it was helpful for the teacher. Based on students’ responses, overall answers explained that YouTube video was pleasant. It was easy to understand the material of procedure text with implementation of YouTube in learning process.
Based on the interview, the researcher saw that the students have understood to reading comprehension especially in procedure text. learning using YouTube will give students a better understanding of learning and enthusiasm for learning. Apart from that, students also answered that they really understand learning or studying procedural texts on YouTube because they are easy to understand. Although they already understand but teacher must continue to provide motivation and make the learning to be attractive and active and the students do not boring in teaching and learning process.
Discussion
Based on the research objectives, this study aimed to examine the influence of using YouTube videos in learning procedure texts in the case of seventh grade students in SMP Negeri 1 Ngawen in the academic year 2023-2024. The discussion section aims to answer questions posed by problem statements. The purpose of this discussion is to go over the results of the researcher's data collection. To conclude the response, the researcher provides the following interpretation and discussion:
Students' perception of using YouTube videos in learning procedure text is described by the students’ perception in learning procedure text using YouTube video. To measure it, the researcher used questionnaire. The questionnaire data, which consisted of 32 students. From the questionnaire data, there are 10 items in the questionnaire. It showed that 83% out of 32 students were categorized as strongly agree, 16 % out of 32 students were categorized as agree and 1 % out of 32 students were categorized as disagree, none of them belong to strongly disagree. It could be concluded that the students have strongly positive perception on implementation YouTube video to their procedure text learning. So YouTube video can be used by teacher for teaching in the class and it was helpful for the teacher. Based on students’ responses, overall answers explained that YouTube video was pleasant. It was easy to understand the material of the procedure text with the implementation of YouTube in the learning process. YouTube makes students believe that learning with YouTube videos is more fun and easier to understand when learning.
Benefits of using YouTube videos in learning procedure text from their answer in the interview that has been collected. To measure it, the researcher used interview. From the interview data, there are 4 items in the questions. It showed that many students answered that YouTube is an beneficial learning media because it is very interesting and easy to understand, So learning using YouTube will give students a better understanding of learning and enthusiasm for learning. Apart from that, students also answered that they really understand learning or studying procedural texts on YouTube because they are easy to understand.
The influences of using YouTube videos in learning procedure text from the score questionnaire strongly agree of students' reading after being taught by YouTube videos was higher and from interview They find procedural materials on YouTube to be entertaining and very motivating to learn, it can be considered that the application YouTube media is better for students, according to the data analysis of the research. There are many reasons to support the result: first, the implementation of YouTube video can increase the students’ reading comprehension in terms of content and language use. Second, after the researcher taught by using YouTube video it can make students more active in reading procedure text, increase the students’ interest, motivation, and attitudes. Third, YouTube video can reinforce the students’ experience while watching YouTube video to determine the sequence or structure organization in reading procedure text and the last YouTube videos can be used as a tool to assist students practice reading procedure texts.
CONCLUSIONS
The research found by the research were that seventh grade students according to the findings in the previous chapter, it is concluded that YouTube videos has a significant effect on students’ reading of procedure texts at the seven grade students class VII A in SMP Negeri 1 Ngawen. Their perceptions of using YouTube videos in learning procedure text from their answer in the questionnaire that has been collected. The score questionnaire strongly agree of students' reading after being taught by YouTube videos was higher. It could be concluded that the students have strongly positive perception on implementation YouTube video to their learning.
Benefits of using YouTube videos in learning procedure text from their answer in the interview that has been collected. They find procedural materials on YouTube to be entertaining and very motivating to learn and using YouTube media will better understand the lesson. Additionally, YouTube videos are items in the form of words and images that are used to depict the procedure text. Additionally, YouTube videos can foster students' creativity and have a variety of other advantages it can be considered that the application YouTube media is better for students.
The influences of using YouTube videos in learning procedure text It was easy to understand the material of procedure text with the application of YouTube in learning process. The score questionnaire strongly agree of students' reading after being taught by YouTube videos was higher and from interview they find procedural materials on YouTube to be entertaining and very motivating to learn and using YouTube media will better understand the lesson. It can be considered that the application YouTube media is better for students. Moreover, In summary, it is clear that the influence YouTube videos can positively affect students’ reading comprehension of procedure texts at the seven grade students class VII A in SMP Negeri 1 Ngawen.
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